New Viral Alarm Switch in Human Cells
Eduteria Insights · 24 Oct 2026
Why in News?
Scientists at the CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, have discovered a protein called DZIP3.
This protein detects viral RNA and activates the body's immune response against viral infections.
Key Highlights
DZIP3 Protein: Acts as both a viral RNA sensor and an activator of the cell's antiviral immune defence.
Mechanism: After detecting viral RNA, DZIP3 changes its shape and moves to the mitochondria, where it activates key immune defence proteins.
Type-I Interferons: The pathway triggers the production of Type-I interferons, signalling molecules that help inhibit viral multiplication.
Viruses Studied: The research demonstrated protection against several viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, Chikungunya and Japanese Encephalitis.
Significance
The discovery improves scientific understanding of how human cells recognise viral infections and activate early immune defences. Targeting DZIP3 could potentially support the development of broad-spectrum antiviral therapies against multiple viral diseases.
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